醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)完型填空八大答題技巧

方法一：固定搭配排查法

固定搭配也稱習(xí)慣用法，它形式多樣，經(jīng)常考查的內(nèi)容有：動(dòng)詞后接介詞或副詞;名詞或形容詞后接介詞、介詞詞組、名詞詞組和動(dòng)詞詞組等。如果判斷出一個(gè)未知填空與上下文的一些已知詞匯可以構(gòu)成固定搭配，只要從選項(xiàng)中選出構(gòu)成固定搭配且意思合適的選項(xiàng)即可。

例題：Memory ___26___ not only in humans but also in some physical objects machines.Computers，for example，contain devices for storing data for later use.It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer___27_ _ that of a human being.

27.A to B with C against D for

方法二：瞻前顧后法（重現(xiàn)、復(fù)現(xiàn)法）

詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)是指以某一詞以原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞等出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇中，句子通過(guò)這種復(fù)現(xiàn)或重現(xiàn)關(guān)系得到了相互銜接。因此，某一空格所對(duì)應(yīng)的答案可能從上下文中找到。我們可以瀏覽全文，瞻前顧后，根據(jù)這一有機(jī)聯(lián)系確定答案?？碱}中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的重現(xiàn)或復(fù)現(xiàn)的有名詞、動(dòng)詞和形容詞等。

例題：In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit，which must be applied for by his prospective employer.The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to ___41___ or refuse these permits…An immigration official has the power to stop a visitor ___49___ these shores coming into the country，if this happens the visitor has the ___50___ to appeal to the Immigration Appeal Tribunal.While the appeals are being considered，the visitor has no choice but to wait sometimes for quite a long time

50.A honor B force C right D authority

方法三：并行結(jié)構(gòu)法（空間線索法）

并行結(jié)構(gòu)法是指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的同類或完全一樣的詞語(yǔ)以排比句式出現(xiàn)在文章中。兩個(gè)并行結(jié)構(gòu)的句子語(yǔ)法地位一樣，又有某種邏輯關(guān)系。如果一個(gè)并行結(jié)構(gòu)的詞語(yǔ)是已知的，則可以根據(jù)這索破解另一未知信息。

例題：Memory is __25__ when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the

grain pile.Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.

25.A called B taken C involved D included

方法四：去偽存真法（緊扣主題法）

完形填空的選項(xiàng)中常有一些詞匯從語(yǔ)法和邏輯上都可以和已知信息搭配。此時(shí)，文章主題成為判斷取舍的關(guān)鍵。這要求我們有一雙“慧眼”，發(fā)現(xiàn)與主題意思一致的選項(xiàng)，排除無(wú)關(guān)或意思相反的選項(xiàng)。

例題:In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit，which must be applied for by his prospective employer.The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to ___41______ or refuse these permits，there is little that can be ___42____ about it，it would be extremely unwise ____43____a foreign visitor to work without a permit.

42.A made B done C explained D talked

方法五：中心思想?yún)f(xié)調(diào)法（主線靠攏法）

完形填空通常有明確的中心主線，作者會(huì)用一些具有相同傾向的（感情色彩、詞性的變形等）詞語(yǔ)或句子支持文章的中心思想。因此，正確理解文章的中心思想將成為就提的關(guān)鍵。

例題：The China boom is by now a well-documented phenomenon.Who has not __41___ the Middle Kingdom’s astounding economic growth（8percent annually），its tremendous consumer market（1.2 billion annually），the investment enthusiasm of foreign suitor（40 billion in foreign direct investment last year __42__）?

42.A aloneB asideC alongD lonely

方法六：邏輯關(guān)系推理法

完形填空的句與句之間，段與段之間通常會(huì)存在一定的邏輯關(guān)系并有一些連詞或連詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)引導(dǎo)。因此，分析前后文或上下文的邏輯關(guān)系即可確定此類題目的答案。

例題：Satellite，wireless，cable-based electronic fund transfers __________ the hub of global enterprise.Such electronic cash is _35_ central to the idea of an emerging“worldwide mind”.Without the satellite fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds，the world economy would grind to a halt.

35 A so B nevertheless C thereafter D therefore

小結(jié)：邏輯關(guān)系連接詞和過(guò)渡詞：

1.表示時(shí)間：since，ever since，from then on，soon after，afterward，until，in the meantime，meanwhile，at the same time，etc..

2.表示列舉：firstly，secondly，finally，next，last，also，for example，for instance，such as result，etc

3.表示讓步與轉(zhuǎn)折:but，however，yet，instead，nevertheless，nonetheless，though，although，even though，in spite of，despite etc..

4.表示因果:because，for，due to，therefore，thus，hence，accordingly，consequently，as，as a result，etc

5.表示比較與對(duì)比：like，likewise，similarly，equally，conversely，on the contrary，by contrast，in contrast etc

6.表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明：furthermore，moreover，what is more，besides，in addition etc.

方法七：背景知識(shí)利用法

完形填空的內(nèi)容經(jīng)常涉及到日常生活常識(shí)。此時(shí)，要善于利用背景知識(shí)或常識(shí)來(lái)增強(qiáng)理解，幫助解題。

例題：When taking aspirin for heart attack，____49____ the plain，uncoated variety.For even faster adsorption，crush mix with a little water.Speed of absorption is critical because most heart attack deaths，occur __50__the first few hours after chest pain strikes.

50.A for B along C within D except

方法八：詞性搭配法

完形填空有時(shí)未知填空根據(jù)已知上下文可以知道詞性，從而可以直接排除不符合搭配的選項(xiàng)，以幫助迅速解題。

例題：Congratulations on your nomination as United States Surgeon General.Based on your extraordinary career your commitment to51health disparities among underserved population，no doubt your tenure will be marked by great progress toward the goal of improved health for all Americans.

51.A handleB eliminateC achievingD addressing